Green Prompt for your user

Edit ”~/.bashrc” and change:

#force_color_prompt=yes

to:

force_color_prompt=yes

To change it for all new users make the same in ”/etc/skel/.bashrc”.

Red Prompt for root

Edit ”/root/.bashrc” and change ”force_color_prompt=yes” like for your user.

Now change the color to red. Search this line:

PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w\[\033[00m\]\$ '

and change it to:

PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;31m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w\[\033[00m\]\$ '

Note: For this change to take effect, you must log out then log in again.

Debian (older versions)

Green Prompt for your user

Open ”~/.bashrc” and append:

PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w\[\033[00m\]\$ '

Red Prompt for root

Edit ”/root/.bashrc” and append:

PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;31m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w\[\033[00m\]$ '

Other colors

Color	Code
Black	30
Blue	34
Green	32
Cyan	36
Red	31
Purple	35
Brown	33
Blue	34
Green	32
Cyan	36
Red	31
Purple	35
Brown	33

Easy way to test a lot of other linux distributions or play around with some system utilities

You can install the following OS and System utilities with unetbootin.

Operating Systems

* Ubuntu		* Fedora
* Debian		* PCLinux OS
* Linux Mint		* Sabayon Linux
* openSUSE		* Gentoo
* Arch Linux		* MEPIS
* Damn Small Linux	* Zenwalk
* SliTaz		* Slax
* Puppy Linux		* Dreamlinux
* gNewSense		* Elive
* FreeBSD		* CentOD
* NetBSD		* Mandravia
* Frugalware Linux	* xPUD

System utilities

* Parted Magic
* SystemRescueCD
* Super Grub Disk
* Dr. Web Antivirus
* F-Secure Rescue CD
* Kaspersky Rescue Disk
* Backtrack
* Ophcrack
* NTPasswd
* Gujin
* Smart Boot Manager
* FreeDos

1. Installation

aptitude install unetbootin

2. Create Live USB Stick

Open UNetbootin from your start menue:

Select Distribution and Version with the Selectbox on the top. I choose Ubuntu 11.10 for example.

Make sure you have selected the correct USB-Drive at the bottom of the window.

UNetbootin now download the selected Operating System and install it on the Stick.

3. Boot from USB

Unmount the stick and reboot your system. Make sure you are booting from USB-Drive.

Note: UNetbootin is available for Linux, Windows and MacOS !

4. Links

* http://unetbootin.sourceforge.net

1. Use cryptsetup

1.1 Install cryptsetup:

aptitude install cryptsetup

1.2 Setup cryptsetup volume:

Unmount the stick and format it:

umount /dev/usb1
cryptsetup luksFormat /dev/usb1

Type “YES” an choose a password.

Open the crypt partition:

cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/usb1 crypt_USB

Create new Filesystem and mount it:

mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/crypt_USB
mount /dev/mapper/crypt_USB /mnt

Remove the drive:

umount /dev/mapper/crypt_extern
cryptsetup luksClose crypt_extern

1.3 Mount cryptsetup:

Now reattach the stick. Ubuntu ask you for the password (LUKS passphrase) you choose and mount the crypted partition.Nun den Stick wieder einstecken. Ubuntu fragt nun nach dem Passwort (LUKS passphrase) welches man vorher festgelegt hat und mountet die verschlüsselte Partition

Note: “/dev/usb1″ is may be different on your System.

2. Use TrueCrypt

2.1 Installation:

Download tar.gz from truecrypt.org

Extract and run setup script:

tar vfx truecrypt-7.1-linux-x64.tar.gz

./truecrypt-7.1-setup-x64

Select “Install TrueCrypt” and accept the licence terms.

Press enter to exit the setup tool.

2.2 Setup TrueCrypt Volume

Run TrueCrypt from your Start Menu and select “Create Volume” now choose “Create a volume with a partition/drive” and press “Next”.

Choose “Standard TrueCrypt volume” select a Volume and select your preferred encryption options:

Now enter a password for your usb stick, enable the large file support and select the filesystem type. (I take ext4)

If you want to use your usb stick on other operating system than linux you can enable the cross-platform support. But you have to choose a filesystem type which windows and/or macos understand in the previous step.

Now make some random moves with your mouse and select “Format”. (This will take a few minutes)

2.3 Mounten:

Run TrueCrypt from your Start Menu.

“Select Device” and select your TrueCrypt Partition:

Press “Mount” and enter your password.

Device “truecrypt1″ is now mounted on your system and ready to use.

3. Links:

* http://www.selbstdatenschutz.info/linux/externe_datentraeger_verschluesseln

* http://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/truecryptn

Waiting for network configuration

It takes a long time and leads to a black screen.

You can see the following message sometimes, too.

Unable to connect to the system bus: Failed to connect to socket /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket: Connection refused

The quick fix was to delete zu dbus files in “/var/run/dbus/”

rm /var/run/dbus/*

and reboot the system.

But you will get the same problem again after the next reboot.

A stable solution is to move the “/var/run” and “/var/lock” directories.

First move all contents from “/var/run” into “/run” and from “/var/lock” into “/run/lock”.

mv /var/run/* /run/
mv /var/lock/* /run/lock/

Note: If you have installed VMWare you have to unmount “vmblock-fuse”. Before moving the content.

umount /var/run/vmblock-fuse

Now delete “/var/run” and “/var/lock”:

rmdir /var/run
rmdir /var/lock

and replace them with symlinks to the new destination:

ln -s /run /var/run
ln -s /run/lock /var/lock

Now reboot your system.

Links:

* https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/dbus/+bug/811441

* https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/lightdm/+bug/856810

* http://forum.ubuntuusers.de/topic/nach-upgrade-problem-mit-dem-networkmanager/#post-3473007

http://www.sysadminday.com

and, of course

Sources:
http://www.userfriendly.org
http://xkcd.org

Create a file “/etc/puppet/files/sun-java6.preseed” with the following example content:

sun-java6-bin shared/accepted-sun-dlj-v1-1 boolean true
sun-java6-jdk shared/accepted-sun-dlj-v1-1 boolean true
sun-java6-jre shared/accepted-sun-dlj-v1-1 boolean true
sun-java6-jre sun-java6-jre/stopthread boolean true
sun-java6-jre sun-java6-jre/jcepolicy note
sun-java6-bin shared/error-sun-dlj-v1-1 error
sun-java6-jdk shared/error-sun-dlj-v1-1 error
sun-java6-jre shared/error-sun-dlj-v1-1 error
sun-java6-bin shared/present-sun-dlj-v1-1 note
sun-java6-jdk shared/present-sun-dlj-v1-1 note
sun-java6-jre shared/present-sun-dlj-v1-1 note

I use this APT-Module to add the Ubuntu partner repository. (Required for Sun-Packages)

apt::source { "partner":
    location => "http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu",
    release => "${lsbdistcodename}",
    repos => "partner",
    include_src => false,
}

Now you can install the sun package:

file { "/var/cache/debconf/sun-java6.preseed":
    source => "puppet://$server/filesserver/sun-java6.preseed",
    ensure => present
}
package { "sun-java6-jdk":
    ensure  => installed,
    responsefile => "/var/cache/debconf/sun-java6.preseed",
    require => [ Apt::Source["partner"], File["/var/cache/debconf/sun-java6.preseed"] ],
}

Note: I use sun-java6-jdk but you can install sun-java5-jre in the same way.

1. Download Linux driver

http://www.broadcom.com/support/ethernet_nic/downloaddrivers.php

2. Unpack

unzip linux-6.2.23.zip
cd Server/Linux/Driver
tar vfx netxtreme2-6.2.23.tar.gz
cd netxtreme2-6.2.23

3. Install build tools and install the driver

sudo aptitude install build-essential linux-headers
make
sudo make install

4. Test

before installation:

$ ethtool -i eth0
driver: bnx2
version: 2.0.2
firmware-version: 4.6.1 ipms 1.6.0
bus-info: 0000:05:00.0

after installation:

$ ethtool -i eth0
driver: bnx2
version: 2.0.23b
firmware-version: bc 4.6.1 ipms 1.6.0
bus-info: 0000:05:00.0

aptitude install autoconf automake binutils cpp gcc linux-headers-$(uname -r) make psmisc

2. Mount VMware Tools

mkdir /tmp/vmtools
mount /dev/cdrom /tmp/vmtools

3. Unzip the tools

tar -C /tmp -vfx /tmp/vmtools/VMwareTools*.tar.gz

4. Run install script

cd /tmp/vmware-tools-distrib
./vmware-install.pl

Note: You can also use the “open-vm-tools” instead of installing the VMware Tools.

aptitude install open-vm-tools

You need to add “contrib” to your sources.list !

* Install from PPA
* Install using self build packages

2. General Nginx Settings

Edit “/etc/nginx/nginx.conf” and modify or insert the following settings:

[...]
http {
  [...]
  # Gzip Settings
  gzip on;
  gzip_disable "msie6";
  gzip_buffers 32 8k;
  gzip_comp_level   6;
  gzip_http_version 1.0;
  gzip_min_length   0;
  gzip_types        text/html text/css image/x-icon application/x-javascript application/javascript text/javascript application/atom+xml application/xml ;

  # Proxy Settings
  proxy_temp_path /var/lib/nginx/proxy;
  proxy_connect_timeout 30;
  proxy_read_timeout 120;
  proxy_send_timeout 120;
  proxy_cache_key "$scheme://$host$request_uri";
  [...]
}
[...]

3. Create Site

Create “/etc/nginx/sites-available/www.mogilowski.net” with following content:

Note: Replace “www.mogilowski.net” with your site and replace “mogfilecache” with a unique name for the filecache for this site.

proxy_cache_path  /var/lib/nginx/cache  levels=1:2   keys_zone=mogfilecache:180m  max_size=500m;

server {
        proxy_cache_valid 200 3h;

        listen 80;

        server_name www.mogilowski.net;

        access_log /var/log/nginx/mogilowski.proxied.log;
        error_log /var/log/nginx/mogilowski.proxied.log crit;

        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP  $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        location / {
            # If logged in, don't cache.
            if ($http_cookie ~* "comment_author_|wordpress_(?!test_cookie)|wp-postpass_" ) {
                set $do_not_cache 1;
            }
            proxy_cache_key "$scheme://$host$request_uri $do_not_cache";
            proxy_cache mogfilecache;
            proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:81;
        }

        location ~* wp\-.*\.php|wp\-admin {
            proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:81;
        }

	location ~* \.(jpg|png|gif|jpeg|css|js|mp3|wav|swf|mov|doc|pdf|xls|ppt|docx|pptx|xlsx)$ {
            proxy_cache_valid 200 6h;
            expires max;
            proxy_cache mogfilecache;
            proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:81;
        }

        location ~* \/[^\/]+\/(feed|\.xml)\/? {
            if ($http_cookie ~* "comment_author_|wordpress_(?!test_cookie)|wp-postpass_" ) {
                set $do_not_cache 1;
            }
            proxy_cache_key "$scheme://$host$request_uri $do_not_cache";
            proxy_cache_valid 200 1h;
            proxy_cache mogfilecache;
            proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:81;
        }

        # No access to .htaccess files.
        location ~ /\.ht {
            deny  all;
        }

}

Note: In this example configuration the apache webserver runs on port 81 on the localhost. But it can also be a different machine on the internet. Just use “http://YOUR_APACHE_SERVER:80″ instead.

4. Enable site

ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/www.mogilowski.net /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/www.mogilowski.net

Note: Please remove the default site from sites-enabled.

5. Purge Cache (optional)

If you have build your own nginx package with the “proxy_cache_purge” module, you can add this to your server config. (http://labs.frickle.com/nginx_ngx_cache_purge/)

server {
    [...]
    location ~ /purge(/.*) {
                allow                   127.0.0.1;
                deny                    all;
                proxy_cache_purge       mogfilecache   "$scheme://$host$request_uri";
        }
    [...]
}

You can use this together with this plugin: http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/nginx-proxy-cache-purge

6. Links

* http://wp-performance.com/2010/10/nginx-reverse-proxy-cache-wordpress-apache/
* http://wiki.nginx.org/Wordpress
* http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/nginx-proxy-cache-integrator/
* http://www.djm.org.uk/wordpress-nginx-reverse-proxy-caching-setup/
* http://zachbrowne.com/2011/how-to-build-the-fastest-wordpress-website-with-apache-ngnix-reverse-proxy-php-cgi-google-pagespeed/

This installs the latest stable relase of nginx webserver (current 1.0.1) on Debian Squeeze.

echo "deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/nginx/stable/ubuntu lucid main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx-stable-lucid.list
apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys C300EE8C
aptitude update
aptitude install nginx

But if you need some third party modules, you have to build your own packages.